Hong Kong Still Attracting Retailers Despite Forbidding Costs

HONG KONG — Hong Kong is one of the busiest and most crowded shopping meccas in the world — with sky-high retail rents to match — but that has not stopped retailers from opening yet more stores in the city of seven million, attracted by hordes of visiting consumers.

The latest arrival is Tommy Bahama, a U.S. clothing and lifestyle brand, which joined the fray Wednesday with the opening of a 370-square-meter, or 4,000-square-foot, store in the Wan Chai district, its first outlet in the city.

Amid models and canapés, Tommy Bahama executives were coy about just how much they had to fork over in rent.

But the store, said Terry Pillow, the chief executive officer, is “one of the most expensive locations” the company operates — “in a similar range” as a recently opened, significantly larger, flagship store on Fifth Avenue in New York.

That comes as little surprise.

Reports from the real estate services company CBRE last year ranked Hong Kong as the world’s most expensive location for prime real estate and office rents, and ECA International, which advises companies posting employees abroad, published a poll this week showing that Hong Kong was the most expensive place to rent high-end apartments. The cost of buying a home, likewise, has soared, despite repeated efforts by the government to cool the market.

Moreover, even those companies that are prepared to bite the bullet on rent might struggle to find what they need.

It took Mr. Pillow and his colleagues at Tommy Bahama, whose casual wear is in the “affordable luxury” range of the market, four years to find a site they liked, in terms of store size and location.

They considered many of the high-end shopping malls, which are inhabited by all the usual suspects of the fashion world, but in the end, they settled on Wan Chai, a neighborhood that is better known for its bars and nightlife than for high-end shopping. But that fits with Tommy Bahama’s neighborhood-bar-type image, the company’s executives said.

“We were in a hurry to come to Hong Kong, but it was important for us to come to Hong Kong in the right way,” Mr. Pillow said.

So acute is the space-cost situation that analysts have begun to warn that Hong Kong has become too expensive for its own good.

Executives at CBRE in Hong Kong warned last October that the space constraints meant the city’s standing as a key location in Asia was “under threat.” Long waiting lists for spots in schools and high housing costs add to the financial pain and are increasingly causing companies to think twice about deploying expatriate employees or expanding teams in the city.

“Hong Kong has been losing out to Singapore in the past few years because of that,” Lee Quane, regional director for ECA International, said by telephone.

Similarly, in the retail sector, the lack and cost of suitable space has meant that some companies have taken relatively long to come to Hong Kong, industry analysts and real estate experts say.

Gap and American Eagle Outfitters, for example, opened shops in Hong Kong only in 2011. Forever 21, another popular U.S. brand, opened a large store in the bustling shopping district of Causeway Bay early last year, and Abercrombie & Fitch’s flagship store, in the heart of Central, the financial district, opened last August.

The British brand Topshop, which is well established in other parts of Asia — it has eight shops each in Indonesia and Malaysia, six in Singapore and four in Japan — is opening its first store in Hong Kong this year, in May.

However, retail executives clearly believe that the expense of having a presence in Hong Kong is worth it.

After all, Hong Kong’s shopping population is vastly increased by the millions of tourists who flock to the city every month.

Last year, 48.6 million visitors came to Hong Kong, nearly three-quarters of them from mainland China, whose increasingly affluent consumers are eager to capitalize on the lower taxes in Hong Kong and greater certainty that what they are buying is the genuine article.

For retailers like Tommy Bahama, Louis Vuitton and Prada, Hong Kong is a necessary location, and a store in the city means visibility that extends well beyond the city, which is a special administrative region of China, into the vast mainland Chinese market.

“It’s a dog-eat-dog world out there,” said Rob Goldberg, senior vice-president for marketing at Tommy Bahama, referring to Hong Kong’s property and rental costs. “But if you can make it here, you’ll make it anywhere.”

Tommy Bahama executives said they were “very happy” with the performance of the Hong Kong store so far (The shop opened quietly two weeks ago but had its official ribbon-cutting event Wednesday.)

The company is looking for more locations in the city, as well as in mainland China.

Riva Hiranand contributed reporting.

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South Korea successfully launches satellite into orbit

SEOUL -- In danger of falling behind in the space race on the Korean peninsula, Seoul announced Wednesday it had successfully launched a rocket into space.

Pressure had been mounting ever since mid-December when Communist archrival, North Korea, managed to launch a multi-stage rocket and put a satellite into orbit.

South Korea's Satellite Launch Vehicle-1, which is also known as Naro, blasted off at 4 p.m. local time from a space center in Jeolla province on the Southwestern coast.

"Five hundred forty seconds after the launch, Naro successfully separated the satellite," South Korean Science and Technology Minister Lee Joo-ho said at a press briefing Wednesday. "After analyzing various data we have confirmed that [the satellite] has been successfully put into orbit." 

South Korean officials said the launch made them the 13th country to get a satellite into orbit from their own territory. Iran on Monday announced as well that it had launched a live monkey into space using its own technology.

The sky was clear and the weather had warmed up on Wednesday afternoon at the space center, where some 3,000 people had gathered to observe their country’s latest attempt to launch Naro. The crowd excitedly cheered and waved the national flag during the countdown.

Two previous attempts to launch the space vehicle in 2009 and 2010 ended in failures. The third attempt was to take place in October, but it was delayed due to damaged rubber seal that caused a fuel leak. The next try came in November, but it was canceled seventeen minutes before the rocket was fired off due to a technical glitch.

The failures looked all the more embarrassing after North Korea's, with an economy less than one-twentieth the size of South Korea's, successful launch on Dec. 12 of the Unha-3 rocket. What North Koreans have dubbed "peaceful satellite launch" was a part of the legacy of late North Korean leader Kim Jong Il who passed away in December 2011.

The international community condemned North Korea as their rocket launch was suspected to be a cover for a test of ballistic missile technology.

Lee Sang-ryul, a South Korean scientist with the Korea Aerospace Research Institute, said the launches seven weeks apart were not comparable because the South Korean objective was purely scientific.

"The exterior of Unha-3 and Naro seems to be very much alike. It is about the same weight, the shapes are similar, and the fact that it puts a satellite in the orbit is the same. However, I believe North Korea's purpose is not to develop a satellite launch vehicle but a weapons development," South Korean television quoted Lee as saying Wednesday.

North Korea said earlier this month it would also conduct a nuclear test and that "the various satellites and long-range rockets that we will fire...are targeted at the United States, the arch enemy of the Korean people."

Independent scientists say that the North Korean satellite was not a complete success because the transmitter failed during the launch, but that it achieved a reasonably accurate orbit.

"Most countries when they launch their first satellite, don't get too close," said with Jonathan McDowell of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics in a recent interview. However, he added that South Koreans shouldn't feel that North Korea has beaten them.

"It is difficult, but it is basically high-tech plumbing," said McDowell. "It is not as sophisticated as creating the industrial base to make a Samsung monitor."

South Korea's Naro space program began in 2002 with the help of Russian technology.  The South had so far sent about ten satellites into space, but they were all launched from foreign rockets overseas.

--Barbara Demick is reporting from Beijing.

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Even After Lackland Scandal, Military Still Isn't Fixing Its Sexual Abuse Epidemic

The Pentagon has talked a lot about putting a stop to sexual abuse and harassment in the military, including abuse carried out by general officers. Yet a new report from the investigative arm of Congress finds it’s mostly that — talk. It catalogs how the military still hasn’t fixed a host of systemic obstacles that contribute to sexual assault and make it less likely for survivors to get help.

According to a report released Wednesday by the Government Accountability Office (GAO), while the Pentagon has made some progress in recent years at trying to stop sexual abuse, treatment isn’t always available. Medical first-responders are undertrained and not always aware of services available for survivors. Perhaps worse, the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Health Affairs — which oversees the military’s health resources — hasn’t “established guidance,” required by the Pentagon, “for the treatment of injuries stemming from sexual assault.”

Among those guidelines: standardizing procedures for collecting evidence; providing specialized medical care; and, perhaps most alarming, keeping the identities of survivors private. Instead, sexual assault survivors within the military have to navigate a hodge-podge of different standards between branches — even at individual bases. “These inconsistencies,” the report states, can “erode servicemembers’ confidence. As a consequence, sexual assault victims who want to keep their case confidential may be reluctant to seek medical care.”

All these systemic obstacles to ending sexual abuse persist despite endless pledges from Pentagon officials to finally do away with one of the military’s most glaring sources of injustice. “If we don’t take steps to deal with it — if we don’t exercise better leadership to confront it — it’ll get worse,” Defense Secretary Leon Panetta told NBC News in September. “In a May 2012 letter to military commanders signed by Gen. Martin Dempsey, the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, the chiefs stated: “As military professionals we must fully understand the destructive nature of these acts, lead our focused efforts to prevent them, and promote positive command climates and environments that reinforce mutual respect, trust and confidence.”

The Pentagon has had an overarching sexual-abuse policy since 2005 which “calls for sexual assault prevention … to be gender-responsive, culturally competent, and recovery-oriented; and for an immediate, trained sexual assault response capability to be available in deployed locations,” according to the report. But the Pentagon has fallen short of establishing and enforcing policies that are more specific, and trained first-responders may not always be available or trained properly to respond.

A huge problem is confidentiality — a reoccurring issue in sexual assault cases where victims may fear retaliation for reporting the crimes. First, sexual assault cases can be reported in the military using two ways: unrestricted reports and restricted reports. For an unrestricted report, a survivor reports an assault to superiors and military law enforcement, who — in theory — begin an investigation, and provide medical care and counseling. A restricted report, on the other hand, allows a survivor to confidentially inform superiors about the assault without sparking a criminal investigation. The survivor, according to military policy, should still receive medical care, but personally identifying information will be kept anonymous.

But that’s not always the case. At one unidentified military installation, the installation’s medical policies “did not … offer health care providers alternative procedures for documenting and reporting medical issues associated with restricted reports of sexual assault,” the GAO finds. And across different bases, medical personnel were being given conflicting instructions about how to report the assaults from different levels of command. These contradictory policies “created confusion for health care providers regarding the extent of their responsibility to maintain the confidentiality of victims who choose to make a restricted report of sexual assault.”

And there’s no single method for victims to access medical and mental health care across the military branches, according to the GAO. The Army requires each brigade “to deploy with a health care provider who is trained to conduct a forensic examination, whereas the Air Force deploys trained health care providers based on the medical needs at specific locations.” The Navy doesn’t require ships to have a sailor aboard who is trained to conduct forensic examinations, instead preferring a policy of transferring victims to ships that do — or onto shore. If a trained examiner is out of reach, the policy is for medical providers to “do their best … using the instructions provided with examination kits.”

Meanwhile, the military’s medical first responders are “still unsure of the health care services available to sexual assault victims at their respective locations.” According to the report, there’s no consistent instructions on where sexual assault survivors should go for examination, even though evidence in such cases is perishable. “Refresher training” for sexual assault cases, which the Pentagon requires military first responders to undergo every year, is also below standards, with thousands of personnel missing annual courses.

The report comes a week after the House Armed Services Committee brought in Gen. Mark Welsh III, the Air Force’s top general, for a grilling about the Lackland Air Force Base sexual abuse scandal. The sprawling base in San Antonio, Texas, where the Air Force sends all its recruits for basic training, has been the focus of an investigation into sexual abuse of at least 59 recruits and airmen by their instructors. Thirty-two instructors have been disciplined — including prison terms — for charges ranging from aggravated sexual assault to rape. There’s also the case of Army Brig. Gen. Jeffrey Sinclair, accused of “forcibly sodomizing” a woman Army captain and threatening her military career “if she ended their sexual relationship,” as stated by military documents acquired by Danger Room in December. On Jan. 22, Sinclair deferred entering a plea at his court-martial.

There’s hope things could be different. On Thursday, Dempsey argued to reporters that sexual abuse in the military is partly owed to how the military treats women: as less than equal. “When you have one part of the population that’s designated as warriors, and another part of the population that’s designated as something else, I think that disparity begins to establish a psychology that, in some cases, led to that environment,” Dempsey said while announcing plans to integrate women in combat roles and units.

Dempsey never said that equality by itself would be a solution, for the simple reason that it’s true. For a start, it means recognizing that talk is talk. It’s quite another thing to step up and do something about it.

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Actress Ashley Judd and race car driver Dario Franchitti split

LOS ANGELES (Reuters) – American actress Ashley Judd and her Scottish race car driver husband Dario Franchitti are ending their marriage after 11 years.

The movie star, 44, and the Indianapolis 500 race car driver, 39, married in 2001 and have no children.

“We have mutually decided to end our marriage. We’ll always be family and continue to cherish our relationship based on the special love, integrity and respect we have always enjoyed,” a representative for the couple told People magazine in a statement on Tuesday.

No reason was given for the split.

Judd, the daughter of country music star Naomi Judd, starred in movies like “Double Jeopardy” and “High Crimes.” In recent years she has turned her attention in recent years to humanitarian work with AIDS sufferers and young people.

Judd has been mentioned as a possible Democratic candidate for the U.S. Senate in 2014, although she has made no formal announcement. Media reports have said Judd, who represented Tennessee at the 2012 Democratic National Convention, might run for one of Kentucky’s seats in the Senate.

Franchitti is a three-time Indianapolis 500 champion, who has also competed in NASCAR and the American Le Mans series.

He and Judd married in Scotland in December 2001 after a two-year engagement.

(Reporting By Jill Serjeant; Editing by Stacey Joyce)

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The New Old Age Blog: For Some Caregivers, the Trauma Lingers

Recently, I spoke at length to a physician who seems to have suffered a form of post-traumatic stress after her mother’s final illness.

There is little research on this topic, which suggests that it is overlooked or discounted. But several experts acknowledge that psychological trauma of this sort does exist.

Barry Jacobs, a clinical psychologist and author of “The Emotional Survival Guide for Caregivers” (The Guilford Press, 2006), often sees caregivers who struggle with intrusive thoughts and memories months and even years after a loved one has died.

“Many people find themselves unable to stop thinking about the suffering they witnessed, which is so powerfully seared into their brains that they cannot push it away,” Dr. Jacobs said.

Flashbacks are a symptom of post-traumatic stress disorder, along with feelings of numbness, anxiety, guilt, dread, depression, irritability, apathy, tension and more. Though one symptom or several do not prove that such a condition exists — that’s up to an expert to determine — these issues are a “very common problem for caregivers,” Dr. Jacobs said.

Dolores Gallagher-Thompson, a professor of psychiatry at the Stanford University School of Medicine who treats many caregivers, said there was little evidence that caregiving on its own caused post-traumatic stress. But if someone is vulnerable for another reason — perhaps a tragedy experienced earlier in life — this kind of response might be activated.

“When something happens that the individual perceives and reacts to as a tremendous stressor, that can intensify and bring back to the forefront of consciousness memories that were traumatic,” Dr. Gallagher-Thompson said. “It’s more an exacerbation of an already existing vulnerability.”

Dr. Judy Stone, the physician who was willing to share her mother’s end-of-life experience and her powerful reaction to it, fits that definition in spades.

Both of Dr. Stone’s Hungarian parents were Holocaust survivors: her mother, Magdus, called Maggie by family and friends, had been sent to Auschwitz; her father, Miki, to Dachau. The two married before World War II, after Maggie left her small village, moved to the city and became a corset maker in Miki’s shop.

Death cast a long shadow over the family. During the war, Maggie’s first baby died of exposure while she was confined for a time to the Debrecen ghetto. After the war, the family moved to the United States, where they worked to recover a sense of normalcy and Miki worked as a maker of orthopedic appliances. Then he died suddenly of a heart attack at the age of 50.

“None of us recovered from that,” said Dr. Stone, who traces her interest in medicine and her lifelong interest in fighting for social justice to her parents and trips she made with her father to visit his clients.

Decades passed, as Dr. Stone operated an infectious disease practice in Cumberland, Md., and raised her own family.

In her old age, Maggie, who her daughter describes as “tough, stubborn, strong,” developed macular degeneration, bad arthritis and emphysema — a result of a smoking habit she started just after the war and never gave up. Still, she lived alone, accepting no help until she reached the age of 92.

Then, in late 2007, respiratory failure set in, causing the old woman to be admitted to the hospital, then rehabilitation, then assisted living, then another hospital. Maggie had made her preferences absolutely clear to her daughter, who had medical power of attorney: doctors were to pursue every intervention needed to keep her alive.

Yet one doctor sent her from a rehabilitation center to the hospital during respiratory crisis with instructions that she was not to be resuscitated — despite her express wishes. Fortunately, the hospital called Dr. Stone and the order was reversed.

“You have to be ever vigilant,” Dr. Stone said when asked what advice she would give to families. “You can’t assume that anything, be it a D.N.R. or allergies or medication orders, have been communicated correctly.”

Other mistakes were made in various settings: There were times that Dr. Stone’s mother had not received necessary oxygen, was without an inhaler she needed for respiratory distress, was denied water or ice chips to moisten her mouth, or received an antibiotic that can cause hallucinations in older people, despite Dr. Stone’s request that this not happen. “People didn’t listen,” she said. “The lack of communication was horrible.”

It was a daily fight to protect her mother and make sure she got what she needed, and “frankly, if I hadn’t been a doctor, I think I would have been thrown out of there,” she said.

In the end, when it became clear that death was inevitable, Maggie finally agreed to be taken off a respirator. But rather than immediately arrange for palliative measures, doctors arranged for a brief trial to see if she could breathe on her own.

“They didn’t give her enough morphine to suppress her agony,” Dr. Stone recalled.

Five years have passed since her mother died, and “I still have nightmares about her being tortured,” the doctor said. “I’ve never been able to overcome the feeling that I failed her — I let her down. It wasn’t her dying that is so upsetting, it was how she died and the unnecessary suffering at the end.”

Dr. Stone had specialized in treating infectious diseases and often saw patients who were critically ill in intensive care. But after her mother died, “I just could not do it,” she said. “I couldn’t see people die. I couldn’t step foot in the I.C.U. for a long, long time.”

Today, she works part time seeing patients with infectious diseases on an as-needed basis in various places — a job she calls “rent a doc” — and blogs for Scientific American about medical ethics. “I tilt at windmills,” she said, describing her current occupations.

Most important to her is trying to change problems in the health system that failed her mother and failed her as well. But Dr. Stone has a sense of despair about that: it is too big an issue, too hard to tackle.

I’m grateful to her for sharing her story so that other caregivers who may have experienced overwhelming emotional reactions that feel like post-traumatic stress realize they are not alone.

It is important to note that both Dr. Jacobs and Dr. Gallagher-Thompson report successfully treating caregivers beset by overwhelming stress. It is hard work and it takes time, but they say recovery is possible. I’ll give a sense of treatment options they and others recommend in another post.

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DealBook: McClendon, Under Fire, to Retire at Chesapeake Energy

9:15 p.m. | Updated

HOUSTON — Aubrey K. McClendon, Chesapeake Energy’s daring and innovative co-founder, will step down as chief executive on April 1 after months of scrutiny over how he mixed his personal finances and those of the corporation.

Mr. McClendon’s retirement, announced by the company on Tuesday, comes as the national boom in natural gas drilling, which he helped set in motion, is fading, diminishing Chesapeake’s prospects.

Over the past decade, Mr. McClendon aggressively explored for gas and outbid competitors in one shale field after another. Not only did his small Oklahoma company become the nation’s second biggest gas producer after Exxon Mobil, but Mr. McClendon also assembled a trophy room of assets that included a piece of the Oklahoma Thunder basketball team, a winery and a $12 million collection of antique maps.

In the end, a downturn in natural gas prices, caused in large part by the industry’s exuberant drilling, dealt a huge blow to the company’s balance sheet and to Mr. McClendon’s personal fortune.

Mr. McClendon borrowed heavily — more than $800 million — to finance his participation in an unusual compensation plan that allowed him to invest alongside his company in every well it drilled, sharing both in profits and expenses. Last year, the Securities and Exchange Commission opened an inquiry into Mr. McClendon’s finances, and a shareholder rebellion led to his removal as chairman in June and a reshuffling of the board.

Chesapeake, which borrowed extensively to finance its expansion spree, has been forced to unload $12 billion in valuable oil and gas fields over the last year as it tried to pay off its crushing debts. Last September, the company still had $19 billion in debt, according to Philip Weiss, a senior oil company analyst at Argus.

“He really built this company from nothing and made it into something meaningful,” Mr. Weiss said, “but in the end, I think it’s the right thing for the company and its shareholders” for him to leave. “The company needs a financial guy to bring spending under control.”

Investors appeared to agree, sending Chesapeake’s shares up more than 10 percent in after-hours trading.

The roots of Mr. McClendon’s sudden departure lay partly in a shake-up of Chesapeake’s board last summer, in which the company replaced more than half of its directors. Four of those board members were nominated by two major investors, Southeastern Asset Management and the investor Carl C. Icahn; an independent chairman was also appointed.

In recent weeks, Chesapeake’s board concluded that the company’s stock was suffering from Mr. McClendon’s presence, according to a person briefed on the matter. Shares in the company have fallen 14 percent over the last 12 months.

“Aubrey and the board have agreed that the time has come for the company to select a new leader,” Chesapeake’s chairman, Archie W. Dunham, said in a statement.

The company said the board’s review of Mr. McClendon’s financial dealings “to date has not revealed improper conduct.”

Mr. McClendon, 53, agreed to retire from the company on April 1 and will continue serving as chief executive until a successor is appointed.

“I am extremely proud of what we have built over the last quarter of a century,” he said in a statement. “While I have certain philosophical differences with the new board, I look forward to working collaboratively with the company and the board to provide a smooth transition.”

When gas prices were still high four years ago, Chesapeake’s stock price soared, and Mr. McClendon had a net worth of more than $1 billion. He bought homes in Hawaii, Colorado and Bermuda.

But as the price of gas fell by more than two-thirds over the last few years, Chesapeake lost more than two-thirds of its value as well.

Pressure on Mr. McClendon began last April after news reports revealed that he had obtained personal loans using minority stakes in company-owned wells as collateral. Reuters reported that he had personally borrowed more than $1 billion from EIG Global Energy Partners, a firm that also invested in Chesapeake, raising questions over conflict of interest.

Mr. McClendon was a larger-than-life figure in an industry filled with them. His dealings stretched across the globe as he negotiated partnerships with the Norwegian oil company Statoil, China’s CNOOC and France’s Total, shepherding the foreign oil giants into joint ventures in shale fields around the country.

“It’s an end of an era,” said Fadel Gheit, a senior oil analyst at Oppenheimer. “He was a maverick in the true sense of the word, and he represented both the good and the bad in corporate America. He was the risk-taker, a true visionary, but obviously there were excesses.”

Mr. Icahn, now one of the company’s largest shareholders, was generous in his praise.

“Aubrey has every right to be proud of the company he has built, the world-class team of people at Chesapeake and the collection of assets he has assembled, which in my opinion are the best portfolio of energy assets in the country,” he said.

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Mayoral debate focuses on city's troubled finances

In the highest-profile debate so far in the Los Angeles mayoral race, three longtime city officials defended their records Monday night as two long-shot challengers accused them of putting the city on a path to insolvency.

The city's chronic budget shortfalls dominated the event at UCLA's Royce Hall, televised live on KNBC-TV Channel 4. Entertainment lawyer Kevin James and technology executive Emanuel Pleitez sought to maximize the free media exposure, portraying themselves as fresh alternatives to business as usual at City Hall.

James, a former radio talk-show host, described himself as an independent and accused rivals Wendy Greuel, Eric Garcetti and Jan Perry — all veteran elected officials — of being cozy with unions representing the city workforce.

"Bankruptcy doesn't happen overnight," said James, the only Republican in the race. "This happened over a period of time and it happened because of a series of bad decisions."

Pleitez struck a similar note.

"Our politicians in the last decade made decisions on numbers they didn't understand," he said.

"I'm the only one that has worked in the private sector and on fiscal and economic policies at the highest levels," Pleitez said, citing his experience as a special assistant to economist Paul Volcker on President Obama's Economic Recovery Advisory Board.

Greuel, Garcetti and Perry, in turn, pledged to show fiscal restraint as the city grapples with projected budget shortfalls totaling more than $1 billion over the next four years.

City Controller Greuel cited the "waste, fraud and abuse" her office's audits have identified at City Hall, saying they demonstrate her independence.

"As mayor of Los Angeles, I get not only being the fiscal watchdog, and showing where we can find this money, and knowing where the bodies are buried," said Greuel, who served on the City Council for seven years. "I've learned as city controller, you don't always make friends when you highlight what can be done better."

Garcetti, a councilman for more than a decade, said he had a record of "not just talking about pension reform, but delivering on it." When tax collections dried up in the recession, he said, the council and mayor eliminated 5,000 jobs and negotiated a deal with unions requiring some city workers to contribute to their health and pension benefits.

"Those are the things that kept us away from our own fiscal cliff," he said.

Perry also stressed her support for increasing worker contributions to health and retirement benefits.

"This is about long-term survival," she said.

By the normal standards of election campaigns, it was a remarkably genteel debate, at least among the three city officials.

Only Perry attacked her rivals, and even then, not by name.

Recalling her work with Garcetti and Greuel in talks with city unions, she faulted them for engaging in "side meetings and side negotiations," saying she was more transparent.

"As mayor, I will make sure that practice stops, that everything is done on the record — that all employees are treated fairly and all employees are given the same information," Perry said.

Neither Greuel nor Garcetti answered the attack.

As in previous forums, the most obvious contrasts among the candidates Monday night were in biography and style — rather than policy positions.

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You'll Never Guess Who: Strange Recordings From the Library of Animal Sounds

The murmurs, whispers, shrieks and growls of 9,000 species are now digitized in a huge library of animal sounds, including some songs that will never be sung again.

Housed at the Cornell Lab of Ornithology, the Macaulay Library’s audio archive contains roughly 150,000 high-resolution recordings, all available online. It’s the largest collection of wildlife sounds in the world, and routinely called upon by students, scholars, scientists, and filmmakers.

“Sound has a remarkable ability to transport someone,” said audio curator Greg Budney. “You play a sound, and it’s as though the person or the animal is alive, right there in the room with you.”

Digitizing the collection took 12 years. Now, the 10 terabytes of tracks have a total playback time of more than 7,500 hours. Supplementing that auditory cacophony are thousands of video clips, and a photo archive is on the way.

The collection’s inaugural recordings date back to 1929, when a song sparrow, rose-breasted grosbeak, and house wren were recorded singing near the shores of Cayuga Lake. The youngest bird in the collection is an ostrich – recorded while still in its egg.

Who makes this sound?

(answer below)

Whales, cicadas, hippos, and even the environmental soundscape of an Indian temple await listeners.

Also tucked into the collection are recordings of the now-extinct Kauai Oo and the (most-likely) extinct ivory-billed woodpecker. Preserving these natural sounds for future generations is certainly one of the collection’s functions, but Budney points to others.

“If you want people to have an appreciation for places they might never go, or animals they’ve never seen, sound really makes it alive for them,” he said. “But then, also in the collection, are fantastic discoveries waiting to be made.”

Already, the collection has revealed geographic differences in the tunes some birds sing, and helped scientists identify new bird species; biologists are using the recordings to better understand animal behavior; and the decades of data can tell scientists how vocalizations have changed over the years.

But it’s not just for experts: Anyone can contribute to the collection, and anyone can listen to it.

Two of Budney’s favorite sounds include the substrate-based vibrations of treehoppers – tiny, crazy-looking insects that send signals zinging through the stems and branches on which they perch – and the wing-beats of the ruffed grouse, which can be heard up to a quarter-mile away. “It sounds like someone starting up an old VW bus,” he said.

A bell-like walrus, otherworldly bird song, the hidden realm of insects, “There are sounds like this going on all around the world,” Budney said. “And we’re just beginning to learn about them, just beginning to tap into them.”

Now, archivists are working on adding more than 50,000 raw recordings to the already-expansive repository, a favored resource of filmmakers. Ken Burns consulted the Macaulay Library holdings while creating his National Parks series. Harry Potter’s audio team needed help finding something that sounded like a hippogriff. And Skywalker Sound sought some audio help while working on The Incredibles.

Hidden in the collection are all kinds of gems. Here, we’ve compiled a few of our favorites in audio quiz format -- all are in the grid above. Have a listen, then scroll down in each slide to reveal which animal made which sound (the "view all" option is not recommended for this gallery).

Is that an interstellar spaceship? Are those haunting howls coming from a mammal? A bird? What on Earth sounds like…that?

For those wading into the archive on their own, Budney has a few tips: Search by animal, or by geographic area. The first search results returned for a species are the best recordings. Learn songs or sounds a few at a time. And enjoy!

“One of the potent aspects of this archive that moves it out of the realm of just being a menagerie of wildlife sounds and into a real conservation and research resource is that technology is advancing our understanding of how animals use sounds,” Budney said.

(Answer: Chimpanzee)

Photo: Thomas Lersch/Wikimedia

All audio courtesy of Macaulay Library.

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Animal shelters are real winners of ‘Puppy Bowl’

LOS ANGELES (AP) — There will be a winner and a loser every Super Bowl Sunday. But at the “Puppy Bowl,” it’s always a win for animal shelters.

The show provides national exposure to the shelters across the country that provide the puppy athletes and the kittens that star in the halftime show, and introduces viewers to the different breeds and animals that need homes, animal workers say. Many shelters see bumps in visits from viewers who are inspired to adopt a pet.

“It raises awareness for our shelter and others that take part,” said Madeline Bernstein, president and CEO of the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Los Angeles. “It shows dogs in a happy, playful, fun way, which makes people think, ‘Gee, I could play with a dog too.’ You hope it will also stimulate adoptions, and if not, at least a positive attitude toward dogs, rather than they are just hairy and smelly.”

The “Puppy Bowl,” an annual two-hour TV special that mimics a football game with canine players, made its debut eight years ago on The Animal Planet. Dogs score touchdowns on a 10-by-19-foot gridiron carpet when they cross the goal line with a toy. There is a Most Valuable Pup award, a water bowl cam, a new lipstick cam (it’s in the lips of the toys), slow-motion cameras, hedgehog referees, a puppy hot tub and a blimp with a crew of hamsters. Bios on each puppy player flash across the screen during close-ups of the action, letting viewers know how to find each animal for adoption.

Most of the puppies, however, are usually adopted by airtime since the show is filmed months ahead, said executive producer Melinda Toporoff, who is working on her fifth “Puppy Bowl.” But Bernstein said the point is to show that animals just like the ones on the show can be found at any shelter at any time.

“A lot of people have come in during the last year and said, ‘I want a dog just like Fumble,’” she said, referring to spcaLA’s player entry in “Puppy Bowl VIII” who earned the game’s Most Valuable Pup crown.

About 300 puppies and kittens have been featured on “Puppy Bowl” over the last decade, according to Petfinder.com, the country’s largest online pet adoption database that helps cast the show’s animal stars.

“Shelters and rescues are at capacity, and pet adoption is the responsible way to add to your family,” said Sara Kent, who oversees outreach to the 14,000 shelters and rescues that Petfinder works with.

The inaugural “Puppy Bowl,” which was promoted as an alternative to the Super Bowl, had 22 puppies and was watched by nearly 6 million viewers. Nearly 9 million tuned in last year and another 1.4 million watched via video streams, Toporoff said. “Puppy Bowl IX” will feature 84 animals, including 21 kittens from a New York shelter for the halftime show, and 63 puppies from 23 shelters.

Only four of the puppies have yet to find new homes, Toporoff said. They include Tyson, Daphne and Sacha — three pit bull mixes from the Pitter Patter Animal Rescue in Silver Lake, Wis., — and Jenny, a terrier mix from the Pitty Love Rescue in Rochester, N.Y.

“I don’t know if there’s any bigger forum for getting something out on adoption. We make sure the message gets out there. We make clear that these dogs need homes and that all animals have come to us during the adoption process,” Toporoff said.

Fumble, last year’s MVP winner, was adopted before the show aired. Michael Wright, of New York, said he found out about Fumble’s participation toward the end of the adoption process. He planned to watch this year’s show to catch any flashbacks of last year’s MVP playing his heart out.

“I’m not really a fan of football,” he said, adding that he has renamed Fumble to Toby. “He fits the name Toby. He is so cute. I like the name Fumble, but I pictured someone dropping the ball. He wasn’t a Fumble,” Wright said.

Each year, recruiting for the show is a logistical challenge for Kent and her crew of 80-plus. This year’s show was particularly worrisome because taping was scheduled for October 2012 — just after Superstorm Sandy hit the East Coast.

“We worried about the puppies, kittens and hedgehogs that may have been directly impacted or unable to travel due to Sandy,” Kent said.

The New York studio where the game was supposed to be taped lost power, but the taping couldn’t be postponed for too long given how quickly puppies grow. Another studio further uptown that had both power and space was found, and “amazingly, the crew was able to reschedule the shoot for only a week later and all the animals were still able to attend,” Kent said.

Bernstein said they try to find rambunctious, energetic puppies to enter in the bowl though even if a dog falls asleep on its way to the end zone, it can be funny. Puppies chosen for the show have to be between 10 and 15 weeks old, healthy and sturdy enough to be on the field with playmates. All breeds are considered because “we try to reflect what’s out there in the adoption world. A lot of those breeds are mixed,” Toporoff said.

Producers also were trying to find ways to incorporate older animals into the show, since shelters have more trouble finding homes for them than they do puppies and kittens, Toporoff said.

As with all reality TV shows, the behind-the-scenes casting can lead to problems. Viewers often come in seeking a dog just like one on the show, and “then the lawyer brain kicks in, and you have to make sure you let everybody know not every dog plays football,” said Bernstein, who is also an attorney. “People will adopt the kind of dog they see in the movie and they’ll expect their Dalmatian to know how to use a word processor and not understand that was a cartoon.”

“Some dogs like to play more than others. But don’t come in thinking every Chihuahua can play football,” she said.

The “Puppy Bowl” airs on Feb. 3 from 3 p.m. to 5 p.m. in all time zones and will keep repeating until 3 a.m. The Super Bowl starts at 6:30 p.m. ET and 3:30 p.m. PT.

___

Online:

http://animal.discovery.com/tv-shows/puppy-bowl

http://www.spcaLA.com

http://www.petfinder.com/petdetail/24414038 (Tyson)

http://www.petfinder.com/petdetail/24413997 (Daphne)

http://www.petfinder.com/petdetail/24413979 (Sacha)

http://www.petfinder.com/petdetail/24393351 (Jenny)

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Rescuer Appears for New York Downtown Hospital

Manhattan’s only remaining hospital south of 14th Street, New York Downtown, has found a white knight willing to take over its debt and return it to good health, hospital officials said Monday.

NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, one of New York City’s largest academic medical centers, has proposed to take over New York Downtown in a “certificate of need” filed with the State Health Department. The three-page proposal argues that though New York Downtown is projected to have a significant operating loss in 2013, it is vital to Lower Manhattan, including Wall Street, Chinatown and the Lower East Side, especially since the closing of St. Vincent’s Hospital after it declared bankruptcy in 2010.

The rescue proposal, which would need the Health Department’s approval, comes at a precarious time for hospitals in the city. Long Island College Hospital, just across the river in Cobble Hill, Brooklyn, has been threatened with closing after a failed merger with SUNY Downstate Medical Center, and several other Brooklyn hospitals are considering mergers to stem losses.

New York Downtown has been affiliated with the NewYork-Presbyterian health care system while maintaining separate operations.

“We are looking forward to having them become a sixth campus so the people in that community can continue to have a community hospital that continues to serve them,” Myrna Manners, a spokeswoman for NewYork-Presbyterian, said.

Fred Winters, a spokesman for New York Downtown, declined to comment.

Presbyterian’s proposal emphasized that it would acquire New York Downtown’s debt at no cost to the state, a critical point at a time when the state has shown little interest in bailing out failing hospitals.

The proposal said that if New York Downtown were to close, it would leave more than 300,000 residents of Lower Manhattan, including the financial district, Greenwich Village, SoHo, the Lower East Side and Chinatown, without a community hospital. In addition, it said, 750,000 people work and visit in the area every day, a number that is expected to grow with the construction of 1 World Trade Center and related buildings.

The proposal argues that New York Downtown is essential partly because of its long history of responding to disasters in the city. One of its predecessors was founded as a direct result of the 1920 terrorist bombing outside the J. P. Morgan Building, and the hospital has responded to the 1975 bombing of Fraunces Tavern, the 1993 and 2001 attacks on the World Trade Center, and, this month, the crash of a commuter ferry from New Jersey.

Like other fragile hospitals in the city, New York Downtown has shrunk, going to 180 beds, down from the 254 beds it was certified for in 2006, partly because the more affluent residents of Lower Manhattan often go to bigger hospitals for elective care.

The proposal says that half of the emergency department patients at New York Downtown either are on Medicaid, the program for the poor, or are uninsured.

NewYork-Presbyterian would absorb the cost of the hospital’s maternity and neonatal intensive care units, which have been expanding because of demand, but have been operating at a deficit of more than $1 million a year, the proposal said.

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